Pupils get GCSE grades as BTec results are pulled

Image copyright Getty Images Image caption Protests from A-level students prompted a U-turn on how grades were decided

Hundreds of thousands of anxious teenagers are receiving their GCSE results, amid a fresh round of exams chaos, this time affecting BTecs.

Pupils in England, Wales and Northern Ireland will get GCSE grades given by their schools, after a flawed algorithm was scrapped in a series of U-turns.

On Wednesday evening, exam board Pearson announced it would re-grade BTecs in line with GCSEs and A-levels.

This means BTec students will no longer receive their results on Thursday.

Pearson's 11th hour decision affects about 500,000 pupils, 250,000 of whom received their A-level equivalent qualifications last week.

The rest were due to collect their grades along with GCSE candidates this week.

In a statement, Pearson said their results "had been generally consistent with teacher and learner expectations, but we have become concerned about unfairness in relation to what are now significantly higher outcomes for GCSE and A-levels".

'Really sad'

Last Thursday there was anger after 40% of A-level grades were downgraded by exams regulators.

School and college heads were left comforting tearful pupils who had lost out on university places, and young people inundated counselling help-lines with fears and anxieties about their uncertain futures.

One 17-year-old boy who had just failed his AS-levels told the NSPCC's Childline: "I am feeling really sad.

"My friends got such good grades even though they study less than me and it feels unfair."

After angry protests by pupils and an outcry from teachers, MPs, academics and parents, the education ministers of each nation switched - one-by-one - to centre-assessed grades (CAGs), following Scotland's example two weeks earlier.

These CAG results are expected to be higher for most as it is generally thought teachers and schools tend to be more optimistic about their students chances than exam boards.

Image copyright Getty Images Image caption There were no public exams this year - they were cancelled in March

Earlier this summer, England's exams regulator, Ofqual, revealed CAGs for GCSEs were nine percentage points higher than the previous year's grades.

So to maintain standards over time, the DfE had arranged for CAGs to be modified by the algorithm, later discovered to be flawed.

The U-turns on Monday afternoon left statisticians at Ofqual, and its Welsh and Northern Ireland counterparts, working round the clock to get 5.6m correct grades for each pupil to around 3,000 schools and colleges in time for young people to collect them on Thursday.

Exams regulators for each nation will also be publishing the national picture on GCSEs and the adjusted A-level results on Thursday morning.

Public examinations were cancelled in March shortly before schools were closed to all but key workers and vulnerable children, so most GCSE pupils have received no in-school lessons since then.

'Class of Covid'

After cancelling exams, ministers pledged to create the fairest system possible to ensure these pupils, now dubbed the "Class of Covid", could get the results they deserved and progress to the next stage of their education and lives.

They were to be calculated by a combination of school assessments, pupils' rankings in each subject and Ofqual's statistical modelling - the algorithm.

But on Monday, England's Education Secretary Gavin Williamson apologised for the distress caused, and said Ofqual's standardisation model had "resulted in more significant inconsistencies than can be resolved through an appeals process".

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'Uncertainty was the biggest worry'

Evie, 15, from Bexleyheath Academy in London says it's been a challenging year.

"Lockdown was quite tense to be honest, because you're uncertain. That was your biggest worry, uncertainty.

Image caption Evie says the uncertainty has been hard

"You sort of just didn't know what to do with yourself, because you've worked this year just to do GCSEs and when it's taken away from you, I was a bit lost."

Cory, 16, says: "2020 has been unfortunate, but I feel like I've made the best of the situation and I've stayed happy for the whole year.

Image caption Cory says he has managed to stay happy in spite of it all

"Even though I could have shown off all my hard work, the stress of GCSEs was kind of dawning on me and I feel like not doing the exams is a big relief."

Harriet, 16, says the situation has been: "a bit of a learning curve for the government, for everyone really, because we've never had to deal with this before.

Image caption Harriet feels for next summer's exam candidates

"It feels a little bit unfair because we've gone five years, four years in school to take no exam that we've been training for...

"But it's this is a lot harder on the Year 12s and Year 10s who have to do all this themselves and get ready for next year."

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Geoff Barton, head of the head teachers' union ASCL, said the decision to revert to centre-assessed grades was "the fairest option in the circumstances".

Mr Barton said it was inevitable some students would be unhappy with their centre-assessed grades, but stressed that schools had followed "a rigorous and painstaking process in reaching these decisions".

He said ASCL was not aware of any plans to allow students to appeal against centre-assessed grades.

'Benefit of the doubt'

He added: "Reverting to centre-assessed grades means that, overall, more students will receive higher GCSE grades this year than in past years.

"This is because schools may, understandably, have given some students the benefit of the doubt when they are on the borderline.

"This could have implications for sixth forms and colleges... that could necessitate increasing class sizes in some courses and there may be pressure on the space that is available in some institutions."

The Department for Education said it had provided extra money to boost the condition of sixth form and college buildings in England in the coming year.

"We are continuing to work with the sector to understand how we can ensure colleges in the future can meet their capacity needs."