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The way the UK reports unemployment may not reflect the "true scale of joblessness", says a think tank.
Unemployment rose by 34,000 in April to reach 1.3 million, according to the Office for National Statistics (ONS).
The Resolution Foundation argues that the 23% drop in average hours worked between early March and late April is a better indicator of unemployment.
The ONS said it publishes a large selection of analysis on employment.
"Britain is in the midst of an unprecedented economic shock that is profoundly affecting millions of people's jobs," said Mike Brewer, chief economist at the Resolution Foundation.
"Unemployment is forecast to hit 4 million for the first time ever. And yet our official data is failing to show the true extent of this jobs crisis."
On Tuesday, the government's budgetary watchdog, the Office for Budgetary Responsibility (OBR), projected that unemployment could reach 4 million people, if the UK's economic recovery is poor, up from 1.3 million in 2019 in its latest analysis.
Hiring intentions
Meanwhile, data for people claiming unemployment benefits soared to 2.3 million for April.
This new data, however, is experimental, the ONS has said: "Enhancements to Universal Credit, as part of the UK government's response to the coronavirus, mean that an increasing number of people became eligible for unemployment-related benefit support, although still employed."
Hence, this data is not a good refection of the true picture either, says the Resolution Foundation, because it includes furloughed workers who initially made a claim when the crisis first struck.
The think tank says it estimates that "fewer than half (700,000) of the 1.6 million increase in the claimant count between March and May is related to people who are newly out-of-work, and not receiving furlough pay or self-employed grants from the government".
It urges the ONS to make more of its ability to count the number of workers who are employed and not temporarily without work, alongside the headline employment rate, as this would provide "a far more accurate picture of labour market activity".
The ONS said it agreed that data on hours worked was an important component in understanding the unemployment picture in the UK.
"However, our detailed Labour Force Survey estimates are based on interviews with tens of thousands of people and provide vital detail not available from any other source," it said in a statement.
"It is difficult to interpret claimant count figures, as we know these include some people in work."
Separately, a survey of companies' recruitment intentions run by the British Chambers of Commerce (BCC) saw 28% of firms reporting that they had already shrunk their workforce since the pandemic began.
Among the 7,400 firms which took part in the survey, 29% said they expected to decrease the size of their workforce in the next three months.
The figure compares to last year, when only 7% expected to do so.
